Inequalities And Social Justice Issues - 1488 Words

Inequalities and social justice issues abound in life. Some people are rich, some poor. Some are musically gifted, others are tone deaf. Some people with different skin colour. Some have photographic memories; others must work very hard to remember even a small portion of what they read. Some are held hostage by terrorists, others move about freely. Some people are physically attractive to many others, some are not. Some people come from homes in which they have every advantage, while others come from homes characterised by neglect and abuse. Some children are born into families of affluence in wealthy countries like the United States, while other children are born into conditions of starvation in many developing countries and often do not survive to reach adulthood. Some people are genetically predisposed towards good health, while others suffer early attacks of cancer and other disorders despite living cautious lives. How come then and now injustice still triumphs and let justice fall? Well, justices develops fairness, protection, equality and freedom and many other benefits, however it does not turn as a result of the society, as injustice takes over and prevails the society to influence people to think about the wrong things to other people and the environment itself. The quote, â€Å"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere†, quoted by Martin Luther King himself, portrays that the fact injustice can be easily spread everywhere and can highly affect theShow MoreRelatedThe Priorities Of The United States Public Policy Making Process949 Words   |  4 Pagesto environmental issues, perhaps our policy makers should address the issues we face daily while living in our communities. The environmental issues extend beyond unhealthy, and risky conditions due to waste management and unsustainable lifestyles. The environmental issues we face are dispersed unevenly in communities, esp ecially in urban areas among minorities. The unequitable dispersal of environmental hazards, transforms a physical resource problem into one of social justice and political decisionsRead MoreEnvironmental Inequalities Of The Urban Environment William F Aburel Summary1640 Words   |  7 PagesDebates on environmental inequalities Another approach to the urban environment William F Aburel Summary: Unlike other countries, the issue of environmental inequalities, although present in the official speeches, France suffers from a lack of political ambition. The idea defended here is that the design Historical (technical-normative) institutional environment, so the observation mechanisms and action historically constituted by administrations, hinders the emergence of this issue, including a deficitRead MoreCoexistence of Equality and Inequality under the Social Contract1508 Words   |  7 Pageswould also address the issues of property and inequality. According to Locke and Rousseau, the social contract is sanctioned by formal equalities yet creates or gives way to inequalities after it is formed. Though Locke would argue that inequalities in the private sphere don’t fall under the jurisdiction of the government, Rousseau would say justice gets deformed through inequality. Understanding how both equality and inequality can be present under the terms of the social contract is importantRead MoreDemocracy And The Problem Of Distributive Justice1443 Words   |  6 PagesDemocracy and the Problem of Distributive Justice The preliminary point into an inquiry of distributive justice is to disconnect the conjunction of â€Å"distributive,† and â€Å"justice†. For the purpose of this essay, I will inherit and accept John Rawls explanation of justice from A Theory of Justice. â€Å"Justice,† according to Rawls, â€Å"is the first virtue of social institutions.† Therefore, from a societal perspective, justice as the first virtue negates the utilitarian maxim that a loss of freedom forRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Homelessness In Australia1556 Words   |  7 Pageshuman rights. Homelessness is a multi-faceted issue that impacts various groups in different ways as outlined by Homelessness Australia (2012). The disadvantage of being homeless closely relates to this group’s contact with the fundamental human rights and is a prominent element to the barriers that limits their access to sufficient justice (AHCR n, d). This essay’s contention is to examine how human rights are important to homeless people’s access to justice, the barriers that this institution placesRead MoreSocial, Cultural, And Economic Systems Responsible For Perpetuating Injustice1522 Words   |  7 Pagescounseling to individuals experiencing social inequalities and injustice through equipping counselors with the skills necessary for becoming agents of change. The author in his 13 chapters examines the social, cultural, and economic systems responsible for perpetuating injustice and inequality with illustrations underlying the importance of counselors’ acceptance of their professional, ethical, and moral responsibility in working with clients in transforming social justice systems. The book is divided intoRead MoreSandra Harding s Science And Social Inequality1395 Words   |  6 Pages A Review of Sandra Harding’s Science and Social Inequality In Science and Social Inequality, Sandra Harding argues that both the philosophy and practices of modern Western science ultimately function to advance global social inequalities. Drawing on feminist, postcolonialist, multicultural, and antiracist critiques of Western science, Harding supports this argument and exposes the ways in which modern Western science engenders social injustices particularly within the contexts of militarism, environmentalRead MoreConflict Theory1445 Words   |  6 PagesConflict theory is the theory that human behavior in social contexts is the result of conflicts between competing groups, as different social groups, be they class-, gender- or race-defined, have unequal power and access to power, yet all groups compete for limited resources. This inevitably gives rise to tension and conflict, albeit often of the subtle variety, as oftentimes the conflicts between groups have been institutionalized in society to such a degree that the conflicts and tensions are suchRead MoreThe Social Problems in Communities 1624 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Social problems are undesirable conditions that relate to the way in which a majority of people in society perceive certain issues. Social problems may also be referred to social ills or issues. People from diverse communities may perceive social problems differently and have varied solutions to these issues (Stark, 2007). Social problems differ from personal problems where issues are dealt with at an individual level. On the other hand, social problems may destroy values held collectivelyRead MoreThe s Discipline And Punish898 Words   |  4 PagesWhen crimes are committed by the rich, they have an arsenal of attorneys who are able to keep them from jail in addition to keeping the information away from the media. The poor do not have the luxury of retaining adequate representation. Inequalities do not end with once a guilty verdict is delivered. They continue on through the penalty phase as lower class citizens are processed through the penal system. The incarceration rates of those in the lower socioeconomic class have increased significantly

4ps of Marketing Essay - 992 Words

Exercise 1: a) Identify any product and explain the 4P’s in the SAVE perspective b) For the product chosen take any two competing brands and compare the net customer delivered value for both of them from your perspective. c) Find a colleague at work, or a friend or family member, and for the same product or any other product that the person is comfortable with (maybe something they want to purchase), help evaluate two competing brands from a net customer delivered value perspective. Response: Background: My son wants a pair of sneakers (sports shoes) and I am using this exercise to make a choice. I have also used this opportunity to ask my son’s friend about his opinion – incidentally my son’s friend is a big fan of MS†¦show more content†¦The brand commands a premium and caters to customers who want the very best. 4. Promotion (Education) Nike uses targeted advertising in the print and electronic media. Nike also has a number of famous athletes as brand ambassadors from all sports e.g. Ronaldo, Neymar Rooney from football, Virat Kohli from Cricket, legends like Tiger Woods, Michael Jordan , Usain Bolt Roger Federer. With addition of ‘apps’ and wearable electronics Nike has further strengthen its position as the most recognizable brands in the world of sports. Combined with its quality products, great customer service it’s no surprise that it has a huge loyal customer base. b. My son I compared two similar shoes from competing rivals and ultimately reached a conclusion that Nike delivers the best customer value. (Refer cols in Yellow and Blue). My Choice of 2 Brands Product (Sneakers Size 9) Features Nike Field Trainers Adidas Original Stan Smith Similar Similar Comments No significant difference - almost same features This is a perceived value based on longevity of the shoe with the assumption : Nike Adidas tend to wear out almost the same time 7000 7000 Services Value Personnel Value Image Value 0 0 2000 0 0 1000 Total Customer Value 9000 8000 Monetary Cost VALUE Product Value 4795 4799 0 0 Energy cost 100 100 Psychic Cost 0 500 Total Customer Cost 4895 5399Show MoreRelated4ps of Marketing4239 Words   |  17 PagesPolitical Marketing in India By Prof. Gurinder Singh Ahluwalia GJIMT, Mohali. Abstract Political Marketing has already become a subject of serious study and research in the US and the West but not quite so in India in particular. Political parties prefer to rely on the experts from within the party to design its campaign strategy though advertising is outsourced to the professional advertisers. India’s oldest politicalRead MoreMarketing 4Ps1874 Words   |  8 Pagesthat a strong customer-driven marketing strategy can give one an edge over his competition. Designing it, however, did not prove to be so straightforward. It is therefore this reflection paper’s aim to ponder over the various aspects that I have found intriguing and glean insights from them. Firstly is the â€Å"Marketing Mix† aspect, specifically the 4 P’s framework – Product, Pricing, Placing Promotion. The 4 P’s is one of the best known frameworks for a marketing plan, of which the aim is ultimatelyRead More4ps Marketing8709 Words   |  35 Pages each company and offering must represent a distinctive ________ in the mind of the target market. a. promotion b. cell c. big idea d. ad e. organizational concept Answer: c Page: 309 Level of difficulty: Medium 2. All marketing strategy is built on STP—segmentation, targeting, and ________. a. positioning b. product c. planning d. promotion e. performance Answer: a Page: 310 Level of difficulty: Medium 3. ________ is the act of designing the company’sRead MoreThe 4p Classification of the Marketing Mix Revisited1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe 4P s Classification of the Marketing Mix Revisited This article, addresses the prime classifications scheme in marketing, the 4P configuration of the marketing mix. The marketing discipline needs a strong classification of the marketing mix, not only to stimulate conceptual integration and purification of the discipline, but also for meaningful measurement of marketing mix efforts and their effects. Also, managers need a clear classification of all instruments at their disposal in orderRead MoreMarketing Mix - 4Ps of Marketing Mix1219 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing mix can be describes as the use and specification of the 4 Ps describing the strategic position of a product in the marketplace†¦ A prominent person to take centre stage was E. Jerome McCarthy in 1960; he proposed a four-P classification which was popularized. (wikipedia.com) The marketing mix approach to marketing is a model of creating and implementing market strategies. The marketing mix stresses the mixing of different factors in a way that both organizational an d consumer or targetRead MoreMarketing Strategy 4p on Kotex3887 Words   |  16 Pagesbrands are sold in more than 150 countries. Every day, 1.3 billion people trust Kimberly-Clark products and the solutions they provide to make their lives better. Kotex’s success was more than just a great product, but the result of a clever marketing program as well. At the time, most drug stores carried every item behind the counter, and these drug stores were virtually 100% staffed by men. Most women of the time found it very embarrassing to ask for feminine hygiene products from the menRead More How Useful Are the 4Ps to Marketing Managers Today ?804 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing managers use marketing mix as a business tool in marketing. Marketing mix synonymous with the 4Ps which were amended and listed by Eugene McCarthy as Product, Place , Price and Promotion. First of all, Product refers to the product should fit the task the target consumers want it for, it should work , and it should be what the consumers expected to get. For instance, its packaging, labeling and offering. Therefore, this always remind marketing managers need to do careful research on howRead MoreMarketing 4p Plan- Club Med1487 Words   |  6 PagesI. Implementation of marketing mix (4P’s mix) Product: 1) Product Level: The Customer Value Hierarchy Core Benefit: Club Med is an innovative all-inclusive holidays for traveler/family to relax and enjoys carefree getaway and unique experiences with their loved ones. Given travelers/ customers the environment of freedom and happiness, rejuvenate spirits and feel brand new once more. Basic Product: Club Med’s services: When arrive in the airport, Club Med’s G.Os will be waiting thereRead More4P Marketing Mix final Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿MARKETING MIX – CITROËN DS3 Comparison France – China Grà ©goire Duffour - 20140202930 Marketing Mix of the Citroen DS3 in France and China Citroà «n is a French automobile manufacturer. Andrà © Citroà «n founded the company in 1919. The brand has always been known for its cutting-edge technology and, on several occasions, it revolutionized the automotive industry. Citroà «n notably created the â€Å"Traction Avant† in 1934, the utility H, the 2CV, DS, GS, BX, SM, CX or, XM which are all avant-gardeRead MoreThe Expanded Marketing Mix: IKEA - highlights the 4Ps and expanded 7Ps marketing mix1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe Expanded Marketing Mix: IKEA Introduction At any successful company, marketing seeks to connect with customers, serve their needs, and accomplish the stated mission of the organization. A successful marketing process creates value through consumer satisfaction from brand building before the sale to post-sales service and support (Kotler et al, 2001). The marketing strategy process has four primary segments: product, price placement, promotion and people (Kotler et al, 2001). Companies with

Social learning approach Free Essays

Personality can be defined as a hypothetical concept that constitute those relatively stable and enduring aspects of an individual which distinguishes them from other people making them unique, but which at the same time permit a comparison between individual. There are various approaches that conceptualize personality. These are; the psychoanalytic perspective, the trait theory, behaviorist (learning) theory, humanistic theories cognitive and biological approaches. We will write a custom essay sample on Social learning approach or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper however will explore the behavioral and social learning theory approaches to personality. The focus will be in comparing and contrasting them and relating them to a personal personality disorder. The social learning theory is an approach that argues that we learn through imitation, modeling, and observation of other people behavior. If we observe a good behavior from other people, we are likely to behave well but if we observe bad behavior from them we behave badly. Albert Bandura is considered a major proponent of this theory. This approach also considers the environmental factors claiming they reinforce modeling. An individual can be reinforced directly by a model for example; a student can dress like other to fit in their group. A third person can also reinforce modeling. for example; a teacher may praise a certain student making the others to model him. It is also possible to imitate the behavior itself. For example; a student may play football during his leisure time influencing another to model the behavior. Social learning theory argues that reinforcement and punishment are necessary in learning. They influence the level at which a person demonstrates a learnt behavior. They argue that moral judgment concerning the right or wrong is modeled. Bandura outlined from major condition for modeling to occur; paying attention, remembering, ability to replicate, and motivation. Modeling leads to acquisition of new behavior, affects the frequency of embarking a learner behavior, encourages a forbidden behavior and increases the frequency of a similar behavior. They emphasize of self regulation in personality development. For example; setting own goals, self observation, self judgment and self reaction (Ormrod, J. E1999) The behavioral approach in personality assessment argues that personality can be acquired through observation. It put the environment accountable to personality difference among people. It assumes that we can understand other people by observing how they behave. It also argues that a response to certain stimuli molds behavior. Learning can occur though conditioning in both human and non human animals. It also assumes that all human are equal at birth. We are born a tabula rasa – empty slit – as we grow, the environmental factors molds our personality. Proponents of this approach include Skinners’ (1957) operant condition theory, Pavlov (1936) conditioning theory and Watson (1958). (Axialis Team 2008) Both the social learning and behavioral theories emphasize on observation learning to personality acquisition. They consider environmental factors that influence our personality. They also consider reinforcement and punishment an important factor in learning. However, social learning theory argues that learning is possible without necessarily changing the behavior. This contrast the behavioral approach that argues that learning must be represented by a permanent change in behavior. Social learning assumes people can learn through observation alone and which might not affect their performance thus may not or may impact behavior change. This contrasts the behavioral approach which assumes learning must involve a permanent change in behavior as well conditioning necessity in learning. Modeling, imitation and observation cannot be assumed in behavioral acquisition. Environmental factors too are very important in personality assessment. These two approaches consider this. They both make a step to explain broader personality to include the animals. On the other hand, we cannot assume the thought processes, unobservable activities, biological and genetic factors in personality assessment and which they assume. Conditioning approach can be useful in explaining how we develop a habit how we model it, who influence us towards the habit and how we can stop the habit. In my early stages of life, I used to like toys very much. My parent would make sure that they bought me. Initially, my elder brother used to like them too. My parents would buy him every time he performed better in school. He would spend time with them on his free time. He motivated my love for toys. When I started going to school, my parents adopted a similar strategy in buying me toys. It was not after I destroyed one like before, but after I performed better in school. I remember I had a hard time to adapt to this. Previously I mishandled them; after all they would buy me if damaged. This time round, it was based on performance. I wasn’t a good performer but I had to work hard to get some new toys. If I didn’t perform well, the punishment was ‘no toy’. As time went by, my performance deteriorated. My parents withdrew their reinforcement. At the long run, there were no more new toys. The old ones were not pleasant at all. I hated them. My performance currently is better but I hate toys. In the behavioral view, I observed the habit from my brother and learnt it, the environmental factors, my parent, influenced me to possess the habit of destroying them in order to be bought some new. I was reinforced to work harder to get new toys. The negative stimulus, the punishment, was not to be bought new toys. The aversive stimulus was my parent’s withdrawal of new toys when my performance decreased. I later stopped liking toys a result of the negative reinforcement. In the social learning view, I learnt the habit from observing my brother; he used his free time well. My brother was my role model. I paid attention to his habit, I rehearsed and was able to replicate the way he handled and treated the toys. However, my parent motivated me by realizing my habit and therefore bought me some more toys. I did not permanently adapt the behavior implying that learning does not necessarily change behavior. Social learning approach best describes my personality I was able to observe, pay attention, rehearse and replicate my brother’s behavior thus influencing my personality. I was able to regulate myself in settling my goals, observe and make my own judgment and choose my reaction from my parent’s move towards my habit. These theories explore the complexity of human nature. Whichever dimension they take as long as it explain personality assessment, is worth credential. However, if these approaches are merged they would have a better explanation to personality assessment. How to cite Social learning approach, Essays

IT Strategy and Policy Implementation of a Comprehensive Enterprise

Question: Discuss about the IT Strategy and Policy for Implementation of a Comprehensive Enterprise . Answer: Introduction Case Description This report is about the development of an effective infrastructure for protecting the network of an MNC from the virus attacks. The selected case study organization is eBay. The problem in the existing system will be identified and then effective action plan will be developed after analyzing the problems. eBay is an American MNC and e-commerce company, which provides both the customer-to-customer and business-to-customer services via online platform. The customers of the company have their online account in the web server (International Business Times, 2016). The security vulnerable of the companys system could enable the hackers to attack the system and inject virus for affecting the JavaScript code. This may be the reason of facing many issues in the business. The customers may face huge problems as they have the online transaction details in the online accounts (Peltier, 2013). The online accounts of the company hacked or affected by the virus several times in the past few years. The system has been upgraded but there are some vulnerabilities, which may be malicious attacks to the system and theft of confidential data and the personal details of the customers. The main objectives of this assignment are as follows: To identify the potential risks of the system of the case study company To analyze the risks for identifying the particular sections To develop a strong defense system for preventing further virus attacks Digital Collaboration in eBay Business System eBay has e-commerce system i.e. it conducts business online. Digitalization has played a major role in the development of the e-commerce system and eBay is one of the companies that have taken up e-commerce system as their business method. The digital collaboration in eBay business system is evident from the following facts. Business Set Up eBay sells products to the customers through the online retail system i.e. the bookings of products are made online and the sale receipts and other documents are generated and sent to the student online. Information System eBays information system has also been upgraded with the help digitalization. eBay conducts all its business related operations through internet services. eBay has a specific cloud server client in which, all the information are stored. Handling of Confidential Information eBay stores all the confidential information with the help of the digital media. This confidential information includes customer details (address, phone number, etc.), business data, financial reports, business strategy documents and others (Kolkowska Dhillon, 2013). Securing of the all these data will not have been possible without the digital media. Methodology and Discussion Methodology For this assignment, the methodology followed is Soft Systems Methodology (SSM). This methodology helped to analyze the business related problems and their relations with information system of the company. Moreover, the works on information system by reputed researchers have been analyzed and used as reference for conducting the research on this particular case study. Discussion Problems Identified The main problem identified with the business system of the company is the security of its servers and confidential information. It has been reported that the information stored by the company is vulnerable to major security risks that may result in the breach of security and loss of vital information of the company as well as its companies (Jouini et al., 2014). According to a study conducted recently, the information system of eBay can easily be hacked and compromised by unethical hackers by insertion of malicious codes and viruses. The target of hackers might be retrieval of companys business strategy documents or even personal information of the customers. Cause The main cause of this possible security threat is the lack of proper security measures taken by the company. The company has subscribed to its own online cloud server client but has failed to implement security softwares and hence, the information stored in the cloud server is vulnerable to malicious attacks. Consequences The consequences of these attacks will be severe for the company as well as its clients. The malicious attacks will not only access confidential business information but also the personal details of the clients (Crossler et al., 2013). All these can easily be misused by the unethical hackers. This will also result in significant financial loss and reputation of the company. Potential Solutions There are several potential solutions for the issue. Firstly, the company has to install security firewall softwares in all the systems used by the employees. Secondly, the company has to employ security experts to secure the cloud servers where the majority of the information is stored (Zissis Lekkas, 2012). Finally, the information system of the company should be upgraded further to make it more resistant to virus and other malicious attacks. Analysis of Findings From the analysis of the problems, the question comes regarding the possible costs that might have to be spent by the company in order to mitigate the issues identified with the information system. The estimated costs are as follows. Process Estimated Cost Estimated Time of Implementation Hardware Upgradation $150,000 3 Months Basic Firewall Software $25,000 1 Month Anti-virus Software $50,000 1 Month Cloud Security Solution $100,000 2 Months Back Up Storage Server $50,000 15 Days Data Encryption Software $50,000 2 Months TOTAL $425,000 Around 10 Months Conclusion From the case study analysis, it can be concluded that due to the success of eBay in the e-commerce system, many unethical hackers will target to hack its servers and compromise confidential business and customer information. The information system of the company is very much vulnerable to malicious attacks. Hence, the company must take immediate steps in order to prevent any such malicious attack that may result in loss of information as well as money. Recommendations The recommendations for the company are as follows: The company has to install security firewall softwares in all the systems used by the employees. The company has to employ security experts to secure the cloud servers where the majority of the information is stored. The information system of the company should be upgraded further to make it more resistant to virus and other malicious attacks. References Crossler, R. E., Johnston, A. C., Lowry, P. B., Hu, Q., Warkentin, M., Baskerville, R. (2013). Future directions for behavioral information security research.computers security,32, 90-101. International Business Times (2016). All 160 Million eBay Users Can Be Hacked: Fake Sales Listings Make Users Vulnerable To Infection. Retrieved 29 August 2016, from https://www.ibtimes.com/all-160-million-ebay-users-can-be-hacked-fake-sales-listings-make-users-vulnerable-2293820. Jouini, M., Rabai, L. B. A., Aissa, A. B. (2014). Classification of security threats in information systems.Procedia Computer Science,32, 489-496. Kolkowska, E., Dhillon, G. (2013). Organizational power and information security rule compliance.Computers Security,33, 3-11. Peltier, T. R. (2013).Information security fundamentals. CRC Press. Zissis, D., Lekkas, D. (2012). Addressing cloud computing security issues.Future Generation computer systems,28(3), 583-592.